Guide To A Tracheostomy

Risks Linked To A Tracheostomy

While tracheostomies are generally very safe, there are some risks involved, particularly if the procedure must be performed in an emergency. Patients could experience bleeding, and the trachea, thyroid gland, or nerves in the neck may be damaged. The tube could be placed in the wrong location, or it might fall out during or after the procedure. If air becomes trapped in the tissue located underneath the skin of the patient's neck, a condition known as subcutaneous emphysema could develop. This might damage the esophagus or trachea, and patients may have difficulty breathing. Air may accumulate in the area between the lungs and the chest wall. This is called a pneumothorax, and it could lead to a collapsed lung. Long-term risks linked to a tracheostomy include narrowing and scarring of the trachea and the development of a tracheoesophageal fistula, an abnormal passageway that forms between the trachea and the esophagus. This type of fistula could allow fluids or food to enter the lungs. Some patients may get an infection in the trachea or bronchial tubes, and lung infections (pneumonia) have occurred.

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