Most Common Side Effects Of Dietary Supplements

Kidney Stones

Research has shown patients who take vitamin C or calcium supplements are at a higher risk of developing kidney stones. A study published in 2013 found male patients who used high-dose vitamin C supplements had twice the risk of kidney stones compared to men who did not use the supplements. Studies have also shown calcium supplements could increase the risk of a specific type of kidney stone known as a calcium oxalate stone. This risk was especially pronounced if the calcium supplements were taken without food. To reduce the likelihood of developing a kidney stone, patients who need to take calcium supplements are encouraged to take them with meals, and researchers suggest individuals at high risk for kidney stones should aim to get their vitamin C from food instead of supplements. Foods rich in vitamin C include citrus fruits, kale, broccoli, and peas. Patients who experience potential signs of a kidney stone such as renal pain, blood in the urine, pain during urination, or urinary retention should seek urgent medical care.