Types Of Demyelination

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Myelin is produced by what is called white matter cells inside of the brain. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy causes demyelination of the nerve cells by attacking the white matter in the brain, so myelin cannot be produced. The JC virus is what causes this to happen. The JC virus is present in most adult bodies, however, it is normally not problematic. When the immune system has been compromised by AIDS, cancer, immunosuppressants, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or multiple sclerosis, it may be the cause for the individual developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. The symptoms that typically occur in cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy include vision loss, difficulty with speaking, muscle weakening, drooping of the face, coordination loss, trouble walking, and changes in personality. There are currently no antiviral drugs to fight off and kill the JC virus that causes this condition. The damage done by progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is permanent, as white matter in the brain does not regenerate itself. The best treatment for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy to date is to treat the underlying cause of the weakened immune system that was unable to fight off the JC virus.

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