Complications Of Cushing's Syndrome

Increased Infections

Increased infections occur in Cushing's syndrome patients as a complication of the disease. Cortisol in the body is immunosuppressive in nature. Cortisol produces these immunosuppressive effects on an individual through several mechanisms. Cortisol is known to decrease the quality of certain transcription factors in the process of inflammation called NF-kB and AP-1. Cortisol is also known to increase the quality of the suppressor of pro-inflammatory cytokines or SOCS. These mechanisms cause the inhibition of the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins important in the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes. The combined result of these actions is a collaborative weakening of the pro-inflammatory response by the patient's immune system. Fewer antibodies and white blood cells are produced, leaving the body more vulnerable to invasion by foreign pathogens. The immune system in individuals affected by Cushing's syndrome is unable to respond to the introduction of bacteria and viruses properly, allowing them to fester, colonize, and produce an infection. While this effect of cortisol has been utilized in the treatment of autoimmune problems, it is not helpful for those who have Cushing's syndrome.

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