What Causes Coffee Ground Vomitus?

Esophageal Varices

Esophageal varices is a term used to describe abnormal vessels that are enlarged and located in the esophagus. This symptom most often develops when the blood flow to and around the liver is obstructed as a result of disorders that cause excessive blood clotting, certain parasitic infections, or liver cirrhosis. An affected individual's blood makes a detour or flows through an alternate route by using the smaller blood vessels not made to accommodate large volumes of blood. These blood vessels dilate, swell, bulge, leak, and can rupture, causing a bleed in the digestive tract. Blood that leaks or comes from ruptured blood vessels in the esophagus may drain into the stomach contents. If the patient experiences problems with their digestive processes or other problems that cause them to vomit, this partially coagulated blood that has been in their stomach from their esophagus can present as coffee ground vomitus.

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