What Causes Coffee Ground Vomitus?

Cirrhosis

An individual who experiences a type of vomiting with a coffee ground-like appearance may be affected by cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is advanced stage scarring of the liver tissues that can be the result of numerous liver conditions and diseases. When a liver condition causes damage to the cells that make up the organ, these tissues attempt to repair themselves. The repair is made with tissues that are denser and more fibrous than the original tissues, which is what causes scarring. A liver that is scarred to an advanced stage may cause the development of dilated blood vessels in the duodenum or another part of the digestive tract called varices. Varices form because large amounts of blood are unable to move through the main vessels in the liver that has become stiff from advanced fibrosis. This mechanism causes the blood vessels in the liver and close to the liver to bulge and become weak. Weakened blood vessels can leak blood or rupture into the duodenum, which coagulates and takes on a coffee-ground appearance that can be seen upon vomiting.

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