What Is Melatonin?

Melatonin is a hormone manufactured by the pineal gland, a gland located in the middle of the brain. The hormone helps regulate the body's circadian rhythm (sleep-wake cycle). Melatonin levels increase after sunset, and they remain elevated overnight. They decrease sharply around sunrise, and this causes individuals to wake from sleep. Melatonin supplements are available in tablet, liquid, and gummy formulations.

Melatonin is often used as a natural sleep aid. Timed-release supplements can help patients stay asleep through the night. Quick-release melatonin makes it easier to fall asleep. Insomnia treatment can include some melatonin.