How To Treat And Prevent Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Thoracic outlet syndrome develops when blood vessels and nerves within the thoracic outlet (the space between the collarbone and first rib) are compressed. The syndrome can be caused by car accidents, repetitive strain related to sports or occupations, and pregnancy. Patients who have an extra rib or other anatomical differences may be at an elevated risk of this condition. Symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome typically include pain, numbness, and tingling in the hands, arms, shoulders, and neck. In cases where veins or arteries are compressed, patients may also exhibit cold hands, pale or bluish fingers, a weak pulse in the arm, and weakness in the arms and hands. A lump may be present near the collarbone. To diagnose this condition, doctors use a combination of physical examination, x-rays, CT and MRI scans, ultrasounds, and nerve conduction studies. The doctor will move the patient's neck, arms, and shoulders in various ways to check for pain or loss of flexibility. Some patients may need to have a scalene muscle block, arteriogram, or venogram to confirm the diagnosis. These tests can be useful in planning the most appropriate treatment for the patient's needs.